Abstract Different physiological and pathological conditions can perturb protein folding in the endoplasmic reticulum, leading to a condition known as ER stress. ER stress activates
Figure 1.Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) homeostasis/stress and the unfolded protein response (UPR) signaling in physiopathologic conditions. The UPR consists of three signaling pathways initiated by detachment
Cellular stress response The integrated stress response is a cellular stress response conserved in eukaryotic cells that downregulates protein synthesis and upregulates specific genes in
Summary Cell biologist Michael Overholtzer explains apoptosis, a form of programmed cell death that can lead to cancer when it doesn’t function properly. The death